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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Couple dominance, dark personality traits, and power motivation}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Couple dominance, dark personality traits, and power motivation}}
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|title=Couple dominance, dark personality traits, and power motivation - Top Italian Scientists Journal|
|title=Couple dominance, dark personality traits, and power motivation - Top Italian Scientists Journal
description=In romantic couples, there is usually an asymmetry in decisional power such that one partner is dominant and the other is subordinate
|description=In romantic couples, there is usually an asymmetry in decisional power such that one partner is dominant and the other is subordinate.
|keywords=Couple dominance; explicit power; implicit power; psychopathy; borderline; narcissism; autistic-like trait
|keywords=Couple dominance; explicit power; implicit power; psychopathy; borderline; narcissism; autistic-like trait
|citation_author=Borráz-León, Javier I.;Scrivner, Coltan; Schultheiss, Oliver C.; Lee, Royce; Maestripieri, Dario
|citation_author=Borráz-León, Javier I.;Scrivner, Coltan; Schultheiss, Oliver C.; Lee, Royce; Maestripieri, Dario
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|citation_doi=10.62684/JAZJ6280
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| [https://doi.org/10.62684/IHXB5276 10.62684/IHXB5276]
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In romantic couples, there is usually an asymmetry in decisional power such that one partner is dominant and the other is subordinate. This study investigated the role of sex, ethnicity, self-assessed social status, personality traits, and power motivation (both explicit and implicit) as potential determinants or correlates of couple dominance in a mixed-sex sample of 50 college students. Through a previously validated questionnaire, participants indicated whether they were dominant or subordinate in their romantic relationship, or whether the latter was egalitarian. Major personality domains, narcissism, psychopathy, borderline, autistic-like traits, and explicit power were assessed through questionnaires. Participants also underwent a Picture Story Exercise to evaluate their implicit motives. Being dominant and having high explicit, but not implicit, power motivation were associated with some psychopathic, narcissistic, and/or borderline traits, while autistic-like traits were associated with being subordinate. Traits such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and honesty-humility had weak associations with couple dominance and/or explicit or implicit power motivation. Our findings have implications for the understanding of dominance dynamics within couples and the relationship between personality traits and power motivation.
In romantic couples, there is usually an asymmetry in decisional power such that one partner is dominant and the other is subordinate. This study investigated the role of sex, ethnicity, self-assessed social status, personality traits, and power motivation (both explicit and implicit) as potential determinants or correlates of couple dominance in a mixed-sex sample of 50 college students. Through a previously validated questionnaire, participants indicated whether they were dominant or subordinate in their romantic relationship, or whether the latter was egalitarian. Major personality domains, narcissism, psychopathy, borderline, autistic-like traits, and explicit power were assessed through questionnaires. Participants also underwent a Picture Story Exercise to evaluate their implicit motives. Being dominant and having high explicit, but not implicit, power motivation were associated with some psychopathic, narcissistic, and/or borderline traits, while autistic-like traits were associated with being subordinate. Traits such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and honesty-humility had weak associations with couple dominance and/or explicit or implicit power motivation. Our findings have implications for the understanding of dominance dynamics within couples and the relationship between personality traits and power motivation.


==Declarations==
===Acknowledgments===
The authors are grateful to the late Scott O. Lilienfeld for helpful discussions of conceptual and methodological aspects of this research.
===Conflict of Interest===
The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
===Funding===
The authors have no funding sources to report.
===Author Contributions===
JIB-L: Data Analysis, Investigation, Writing - Review & Editing. CS: Data collection, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing. OCS: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Data Analysis, Writing – Review & Editing. RL: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing. DM: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – Review & Editing.
==References==
<ol class="references">
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<li>Bentley, C. G., Galliher, R. V., & Ferguson, T. J. (2007). Associations among aspects of interpersonal power and relationship functioning in adolescent romantic couples. Sex Roles, 57(7-8), 483-495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9280-7</li>
<li>Dunbar, N. E., & Burgoon, J. K. (2005). Perceptions of power and interactional dominance in interpersonal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22(2), 207-233. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407505050944</li>
<li>Felmlee, D. H. (1994). Who's on top? Power in romantic relationships. Sex Roles, 31(5), 275-295. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01544589</li>
<li>Maestripieri, D., Klimczuk, A. C., Seneczko, M., Traficonte, D. M., & Wilson, M. C. (2013). Relationship status and relationship instability, but not dominance, predict individual differences in baseline cortisol levels. PLoS One, 8(12), e84003. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084003</li>
<li>Simpson, J. A., Farrell, A. K., Oriña, M. M., & Rothman, A. J. (2015). Power and social influence in relationships. In M. Mikulincer, P. R. Shaver, J. A. Simpson, & J. F. Dovidio (Eds.), APA handbooks in psychology. APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Vol. 3. Interpersonal relations (pp. 393–420). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14344-015</li>
<li>Ponzi, D., Klimczuk, A. C., Traficonte, D. M., & Maestripieri, D. (2015). Perceived dominance in young heterosexual couples in relation to sex, context, and frequency of arguing. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, 9(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1037/ebs0000031</li>
<li>Ostrov, J. M., & Collins, W. A. (2007). Social dominance in romantic relationships: A prospective longitudinal study of non‐verbal processes. Social Development, 16(3), 580-595. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00397.x</li>
<li>McClelland, D. C., Koestner, R., & Weinberger, J. (1989). How do self-attributed and implicit motives differ? Psychological Review, 96(4), 690-702. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.690</li>
<li>Schultheiss, O. C., & Köllner, M. G. (2021). Implicit motives. In O. P. John & R. W. Robins (Eds.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (4 ed., pp. 385-410). New York: Guilford.</li>
<li>Lukaszewski, A. W., & von Rueden, C. R. (2015). The extraversion continuum in evolutionary perspective: a review of recent theory and evidence. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 186-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.005</li>
<li>Del Giudice, M., Angeleri, R., Brizio, A., & Elena, M. R. (2010). The evolution of autistic-like and schizotypal traits: A sexual selection hypothesis. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, 41. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00041</li>
<li>Lee, K., Ashton, M. C., Ogunfowora, B., Bourdage, J. S., & Shin, K. H. (2010). The personality bases of socio-political attitudes: The role of Honesty–Humility and Openness to Experience. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.08.007</li>
<li>de Montigny-Malenfant, B., Santerre, M. È., Bouchard, S., Sabourin, S., Lazaridès, A., & Bélanger, C. (2013). Couples’ negative interaction behaviors and borderline personality disorder. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 41(3), 259-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2012.688006</li>
<li>Kranefeld, I. (2023). Psychopathy in positions of power: The moderating role of position power in the relation between psychopathic meanness and leadership outcomes. Personality and Individual Differences, 200, 111916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111916</li>
<li>Vrabel, J. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., Lehtman, M., & Hernandez, K. (2020). Narcissism and perceived power in romantic relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(1), 124-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519858685</li>
<li>Zeigler-Hill, V., & Marcus, D. K., (eds.) (2016). The Dark Side of Personality: Science and practice in social, personality, and clinical psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.</li>
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</ol>


[[Category:Open Access]]
[[Category:Open Access]]

Latest revision as of 08:12, 23 March 2024

Published
January 5, 2024
Title
Couple dominance, dark personality traits, and power motivation
Authors
Javier I. Borráz-León, Coltan Scrivner, Oliver C. Schultheiss, Royce Lee, Dario Maestripieri
DOI
10.62684/JAZJ6280
Keywords
Couple dominance; explicit power; implicit power; psychopathy; borderline; narcissism; autistic-like trait
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Javier I. Borráz-León(a), Coltan Scrivner(a,d), Oliver C. Schultheiss(b), Royce Lee(c), Dario Maestripieri(a,d)

(a) Institute for Mind and Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

(b) Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany

(c) Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

(d) Department of Comparative Human Development, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Correspondence: Dario Maestripieri, dario@uchicago.edu

Abstract

In romantic couples, there is usually an asymmetry in decisional power such that one partner is dominant and the other is subordinate. This study investigated the role of sex, ethnicity, self-assessed social status, personality traits, and power motivation (both explicit and implicit) as potential determinants or correlates of couple dominance in a mixed-sex sample of 50 college students. Through a previously validated questionnaire, participants indicated whether they were dominant or subordinate in their romantic relationship, or whether the latter was egalitarian. Major personality domains, narcissism, psychopathy, borderline, autistic-like traits, and explicit power were assessed through questionnaires. Participants also underwent a Picture Story Exercise to evaluate their implicit motives. Being dominant and having high explicit, but not implicit, power motivation were associated with some psychopathic, narcissistic, and/or borderline traits, while autistic-like traits were associated with being subordinate. Traits such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and honesty-humility had weak associations with couple dominance and/or explicit or implicit power motivation. Our findings have implications for the understanding of dominance dynamics within couples and the relationship between personality traits and power motivation.

Declarations

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the late Scott O. Lilienfeld for helpful discussions of conceptual and methodological aspects of this research.

Conflict of Interest

The Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Funding

The authors have no funding sources to report.

Author Contributions

JIB-L: Data Analysis, Investigation, Writing - Review & Editing. CS: Data collection, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing. OCS: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Data Analysis, Writing – Review & Editing. RL: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – Review & Editing. DM: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – Review & Editing.

References

  1. Maestripieri, D. (2012). Games Primates Play. An Undercover Investigation of the Evolution and Economics of Human Relationships. New York: Basic Books.
  2. Bentley, C. G., Galliher, R. V., & Ferguson, T. J. (2007). Associations among aspects of interpersonal power and relationship functioning in adolescent romantic couples. Sex Roles, 57(7-8), 483-495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9280-7
  3. Dunbar, N. E., & Burgoon, J. K. (2005). Perceptions of power and interactional dominance in interpersonal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22(2), 207-233. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407505050944
  4. Felmlee, D. H. (1994). Who's on top? Power in romantic relationships. Sex Roles, 31(5), 275-295. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01544589
  5. Maestripieri, D., Klimczuk, A. C., Seneczko, M., Traficonte, D. M., & Wilson, M. C. (2013). Relationship status and relationship instability, but not dominance, predict individual differences in baseline cortisol levels. PLoS One, 8(12), e84003. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0084003
  6. Simpson, J. A., Farrell, A. K., Oriña, M. M., & Rothman, A. J. (2015). Power and social influence in relationships. In M. Mikulincer, P. R. Shaver, J. A. Simpson, & J. F. Dovidio (Eds.), APA handbooks in psychology. APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Vol. 3. Interpersonal relations (pp. 393–420). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14344-015
  7. Ponzi, D., Klimczuk, A. C., Traficonte, D. M., & Maestripieri, D. (2015). Perceived dominance in young heterosexual couples in relation to sex, context, and frequency of arguing. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, 9(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1037/ebs0000031
  8. Ostrov, J. M., & Collins, W. A. (2007). Social dominance in romantic relationships: A prospective longitudinal study of non‐verbal processes. Social Development, 16(3), 580-595. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00397.x
  9. McClelland, D. C., Koestner, R., & Weinberger, J. (1989). How do self-attributed and implicit motives differ? Psychological Review, 96(4), 690-702. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.690
  10. Schultheiss, O. C., & Köllner, M. G. (2021). Implicit motives. In O. P. John & R. W. Robins (Eds.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (4 ed., pp. 385-410). New York: Guilford.
  11. Lukaszewski, A. W., & von Rueden, C. R. (2015). The extraversion continuum in evolutionary perspective: a review of recent theory and evidence. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 186-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.005
  12. Del Giudice, M., Angeleri, R., Brizio, A., & Elena, M. R. (2010). The evolution of autistic-like and schizotypal traits: A sexual selection hypothesis. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, 41. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00041
  13. Lee, K., Ashton, M. C., Ogunfowora, B., Bourdage, J. S., & Shin, K. H. (2010). The personality bases of socio-political attitudes: The role of Honesty–Humility and Openness to Experience. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.08.007
  14. de Montigny-Malenfant, B., Santerre, M. È., Bouchard, S., Sabourin, S., Lazaridès, A., & Bélanger, C. (2013). Couples’ negative interaction behaviors and borderline personality disorder. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 41(3), 259-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2012.688006
  15. Kranefeld, I. (2023). Psychopathy in positions of power: The moderating role of position power in the relation between psychopathic meanness and leadership outcomes. Personality and Individual Differences, 200, 111916. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111916
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